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SUPPLEMENTARY CLASSIFICATION OF EXTERNAL CAUSES OF INJURY AND POISONING (E800-E999)
This section is provided to permit the classification of environmental events, circumstances, and conditions as the cause of injury, poisoning, and other adverse effects. Where a code from this section is applicable, it is intended that it shall be used in addition to a code from one of the main chapters of ICD-9-CM, indicating the nature of the condition. Certain other conditions which may be stated to be due to external causes are classified in Chapters 1 to 16 of ICD-9-CM. For these, the "E" code classification should be used as an additional code for more detailed analysis.
Machinery accidents [other than those connected with transport] are classifiable to category E919, in which the fourth digit allows a broad classification of the type of machinery involved. If a more detailed classification of type of machinery is required, it is suggested that the "Classification of Industrial Accidents according to Agency," prepared by the International Labor Office, be used in addition; it is included in this publication.
Categories for "late effects" of accidents and other external causes are to be found at E929, E959, E969, E977, E989, and E999.
Definitions and examples related to transport accidents
(a) A transport accident (E800-E848) is any accident involving a device designed primarily for, or being used at the time primarily for, conveying persons or goods from one place to another.
Includes: accidents involving:
aircraft and spacecraft (E840-E845)
watercraft (E830-E838)
motor vehicle (E810-E825)
railway (E800-E807)
other road vehicles (E826-E829)
In classifying accidents which involve more than one kind of transport, the above order of precedence of transport accidents should be used.
Accidents involving agricultural and construction machines, such as tractors, cranes, and bulldozers, are regarded as transport accidents only when these vehicles are under their own power on a highway [otherwise the vehicles are regarded as machinery]. Vehicles which can travel on land or water, such as hovercraft and other amphibious vehicles, are regarded as watercraft when on the water, as motor vehicles when on the highway, and as off-road motor vehicles when on land, but off the highway.
Excludes: accidents:
in sports which involve the use of transport but where the transport vehicle itself was not involved in the accident
involving vehicles which are part of industrial equipment used entirely on industrial premises
occurring during transportation but unrelated to the hazards associated with the means of transportation [e.g., injuries received in a fight on board ship; transport vehicle involved in a cataclysm such as an earthquake]
to persons engaged in the maintenance or repair of transport equipment or vehicle not in motion, unless injured by another vehicle in motion
(b) A railway accident is a transport accident involving a railway train or other railway vehicle operated on rails, whether in motion or not.
Excludes: accidents:
in repair shops
in roundhouse or on turntable
on railway premises but not involving a train or other railway vehicle
(c) A railway train or railway vehicle is any device with or without cars coupled to it, designed for traffic on a railway.
Includes: interurban:
electric car (operated chiefly on its own right-of-way, not open to other traffic)
streetcar (operated chiefly on its own right-of-way, not open to other traffic)
railway train, any power [diesel] [electric] [steam]
funicular
monorail or two-rail
subterranean or elevated
other vehicle designed to run on a railway track
Excludes: interurban electric cars [streetcars] specified to be operating on a right-of-way that forms part of the public street or highway [definition (n)]
(d) A railway or railroad is a right-of-way designed for traffic on rails, which is used by carriages or wagons transporting passengers or freight, and by other rolling stock, and which is not open to other public vehicular traffic
(e) A motor vehicle accident is a transport accident involving a motor vehicle. It is defined as a motor vehicle traffic accident or as a motor vehicle nontraffic accident according to whether the accident occurs on a public highway or elsewhere.
Excludes: injury or damage due to cataclysm
injury or damage while a motor vehicle, not under its own power, is being loaded on, or unloaded from, another conveyance
(f) A motor vehicle traffic accident is any motor vehicle accident occurring on a public highway [i.e., originating, terminating, or involving a vehicle partially on the highway]. A motor vehicle accident is assumed to have occurred on the highway unless another place is specified, except in the case of accidents involving only off-road motor vehicles which are classified as nontraffic accidents unless the contrary is stated.
(g) A motor vehicle nontraffic accident is any motor vehicle accident which occurs entirely in any place other than a public highway.
(h) A public highway [trafficway] or street is the entire width between property lines [or other boundary lines] of every way or place, of which any part is open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular traffic as a matter of right or custom. A roadway is that part of the public highway designed, improved, and ordinarily used, for vehicular travel.
Includes: approaches (public) to:
docks
public building
station
Excludes: driveway (private)
parking lot
ramp
roads in:
airfield
farm
industrial premises
mine
private grounds
quarry
(i) A motor vehicle is any mechanically or electrically powered device, not operated on rails, upon which any person or property may be transported or drawn upon a highway. Any object such as a trailer, coaster, sled, or wagon being towed by a motor vehicle is considered a part of the motor vehicle.
Includes: automobile [any type]
bus
construction machinery, farm and industrial machinery, steam roller, tractor, army tank, highway grader, or similar vehicle on wheels or treads, while in transport under own power
fire engine (motorized)
motorcycle
motorized bicycle [moped] or scooter
trolley bus not operating on rails
truck
van
Excludes: devices used solely to move persons or materials within the confines of a building and its premises, such as:
building elevator
coal car in mine
electric baggage or mail truck used solely within a railroad station
electric truck used solely within an industrial plant
moving overhead crane
(j) A motorcycle is a two-wheeled motor vehicle having one or two riding saddles and sometimes having a third wheel for the support of a sidecar. The sidecar is considered part of the motorcycle.
Includes: motorized:
bicycle [moped]
scooter
tricycle
(k) An off-road motor vehicle is a motor vehicle of special design, to enable it to negotiate rough or soft terrain or snow. Examples of special design are high construction, special wheels and tires, driven by treads, or support on a cushion of air.
Includes: all terrain vehicle [ATV]
army tank
hovercraft, on land or swamp
snowmobile
(l) A driver of a motor vehicle is the occupant of the motor vehicle operating it or intending to operate it. A motorcyclist is the driver of a motorcycle. Other authorized occupants of a motor vehicle are passengers.
(m) An other road vehicle is any device, except a motor vehicle, in, on, or by which any person or property may be transported on a highway.
Includes: animal carrying a person or goods
animal-drawn vehicle
animal harnessed to conveyance
bicycle [pedal cycle]
streetcar
tricycle (pedal)
Excludes: pedestrian conveyance [definition (q)]
(n) A streetcar is a device designed and used primarily for transporting persons within a municipality, running on rails, usually subject to normal traffic control signals, and operated principally on a right-of-way that forms part of the traffic way. A trailer being towed by a streetcar is considered a part of the streetcar.
Includes: interurban or intraurban electric or streetcar, when specified to be operating on a street or public highway
tram (car)
trolley (car)
(o) A pedal cycle is any road transport vehicle operated solely by pedals.
Includes: bicycle
pedal cycle
tricycle
Excludes: motorized bicycle [definition (i)]
(p) A pedal cyclist is any person riding on a pedal cycle or in a sidecar attached to such a vehicle.
(q) A pedestrian conveyance is any human powered device by which a pedestrian may move other than by walking or by which a walking person may move another pedestrian.
Includes: baby carriage
coaster wagon
heelies, wheelies
ice skates
perambulator
pushcart
pushchair
roller skates
scooter
skateboard
skis
sled
wheelchair
(r) A pedestrian is any person involved in an accident who was not at the time of the accident riding in or on a motor vehicle, railroad train, streetcar, animal-drawn or other vehicle, or on a bicycle or animal.
Includes: person:
changing tire of vehicle
in or operating a pedestrian conveyance
making adjustment to motor of vehicle
on foot
(s) A watercraft is any device for transporting passengers or goods on the water.
(t) A small boat is any watercraft propelled by paddle, oars, or small motor, with a passenger capacity of less than ten.
Includes: boat NOS
canoe
coble
dinghy
punt
raft
rowboat
rowing shell
scull
skiff
small motorboat
Excludes: barge
lifeboat (used after abandoning ship)
raft (anchored) being used as a diving platform
yacht
(u) An aircraft is any device for transporting passengers or goods in the air.
Includes: airplane [any type]
balloon
bomber
dirigible
glider (hang)
military aircraft
parachute
(v) A commercial transport aircraft is any device for collective passenger or freight transportation by air, whether run on commercial lines for profit or by government authorities, with the exception of military craft. | |
 | RAILWAY ACCIDENTS (E800-E807)
Note: For definitions of railway accident and related terms see definitions (a) to (d).
Excludes: accidents involving railway train and:
aircraft (E840.0-E845.9)
motor vehicle (E810.0-E825.9)
watercraft (E830.0-E838.9)
The following fourth-digit subdivisions are for use with categories E800-E807 to identify the injured person:
0 Railway employee
Any person who by virtue of his employment in connection with a railway, whether by the railway company or not, is at increased risk of involvement in a railway accident, such as:
catering staff of train
driver
guard
porter
postal staff on train
railway fireman
shunter
sleeping car attendant
1 Passenger on railway
Any authorized person traveling on a train, except a railway employee.
Excludes: intending passenger waiting at station (8)
unauthorized rider on railway vehicle (8)
2 Pedestrian
See definition (r)
3 Pedal cyclist
See definition (p)
8 Other specified person
Intending passenger or bystander waiting at station
Unauthorized rider on railway vehicle
9 Unspecified person |
| MOTOR VEHICLE TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS (E810-E819)
Note: For definitions of motor vehicle traffic accident, and related terms, see definitions (e) to (k).
Excludes: accidents involving motor vehicle and aircraft (E840.0-E845.9)
The following fourth-digit subdivisions are for use with categories E810-E819 to identify the injured person:
0 Driver of motor vehicle other than motorcycle
See definition (l)
1 Passenger in motor vehicle other than motorcycle
See definition (l)
2 Motorcyclist
See definition (l)
3 Passenger on motorcycle
See definition (l)
4 Occupant of streetcar
5 Rider of animal; occupant of animal-drawn vehicle
6 Pedal cyclist
See definition (p)
7 Pedestrian
See definition (r)
8 Other specified person
Occupant of vehicle other than above
Person in railway train involved in accident
Unauthorized rider of motor vehicle
9 Unspecified person |
| MOTOR VEHICLE NONTRAFFIC ACCIDENTS (E820-E825)
Note: For definitions of motor vehicle nontraffic accident and related terms see definition (a) to (k).
Includes: accidents involving motor vehicles being used in recreational or sporting activities off the highway
collision and noncollision motor vehicle accidents occurring entirely off the highway
Excludes: accidents involving motor vehicle and:
aircraft (E840.0-E845.9)
watercraft (E830.0-E838.9)
accidents, not on the public highway, involving agricultural and construction machinery but not involving another motor vehicle (E919.0, E919.2, E919.7)
The following fourth-digit subdivisions are for use with categories E820-E825 to identify the injured person:
0 Driver of motor vehicle other than motorcycle
See definition (l)
1 Passenger in motor vehicle other than motorcycle
See definition (l)
2 Motorcyclist
See definition (l)
3 Passenger on motorcycle
See definition (l)
4 Occupant of streetcar
5 Rider of animal; occupant of animal-drawn vehicle
6 Pedal cyclist
See definition (p)
7 Pedestrian
See definition (r)
8 Other specified person
Occupant of vehicle other than above
Person on railway train involved in accident
Unauthorized rider of motor vehicle
9 Unspecified person |
| OTHER ROAD VEHICLE ACCIDENTS (E826-E829)
Note: Other road vehicle accidents are transport accidents involving road vehicles other than motor vehicles. For definitions of other road vehicle and related terms see definitions (m) to (o).
Includes: accidents involving other road vehicles being used in recreational or sporting activities
Excludes: collision of other road vehicle [any] with:
aircraft (E840.0-E845.9)
motor vehicle (E813.0-E813.9, E820.0-E822.9)
railway train (E801.0-E801.9)
The following fourth-digit subdivisions are for use with categories E826-E829 to identify the injured person:
0 Pedestrian
See definition (r)
1 Pedal cyclist
See definition (p)
2 Rider of animal
3 Occupant of animal-drawn vehicle
4 Occupant of streetcar
8 Other specified person
9 Unspecified person |
| WATER TRANSPORT ACCIDENTS (E830-E838)
Note: For definitions of water transport accident and related terms see definitions (a), (s), and (t).
Includes: watercraft accidents in the course of recreational activities
Excludes: accidents involving both aircraft, including objects set in motion by aircraft, and watercraft (E840.0-E845.9)
The following fourth-digit subdivisions are for use with categories E830-E838 to identify the injured person:
0 Occupant of small boat, unpowered
1 Occupant of small boat, powered
See definition (t)
Excludes: water skier (4)
2 Occupant of other watercraft?crew
Persons:
engaged in operation of watercraft
providing passenger services [cabin attendants, ship's physician, catering personnel]
working on ship during voyage in other capacity [musician in band, operators of shops and beauty parlors]
3 Occupant of other watercraft -- other than crew
Passenger
Occupant of lifeboat, other than crew, after abandoning ship
4 Water skier
5 Swimmer
6 Dockers, stevedores
Longshoreman employed on the dock in loading and unloading ships
8 Other specified person
Immigration and custom officials on board ship
Person:
accompanying passenger or member of crew
visiting boat
Pilot (guiding ship into port)
9 Unspecified person |
| AIR AND SPACE TRANSPORT ACCIDENTS (E840-E845)
Note: For definition of aircraft and related terms see definitions (u) and (v).
The following fourth-digit subdivisions are for use with categories E840-E845 to identify the injured person:
0 Occupant of spacecraft
1 Occupant of military aircraft, any
Crew in military aircraft [air force] [army] [national guard] [navy]
Passenger (civilian) (military) in military aircraft [air force] [army] [national guard] [navy]
Troops in military aircraft [air force] [army] [national guard] [navy]
Excludes: occupants of aircraft operated under jurisdiction of police departments (5)
parachutist (7)
2 Crew of commercial aircraft (powered) in surface-to-surface transport
3 Other occupant of commercial aircraft (powered) in surface-to-surface transport
Flight personnel:
not part of crew
on familiarization flight
Passenger on aircraft (powered) NOS
4 Occupant of commercial aircraft (powered) in surface-to-air transport
Occupant [crew] [passenger] of aircraft (powered) engaged in activities, such as:
aerial spraying (crops) (fire retardants)
air drops of emergency supplies
air drops of parachutists, except from military craft
crop dusting
lowering of construction material [bridge or telephone pole]
sky writing
5 Occupant of other powered aircraft
Occupant [crew] [passenger] of aircraft [powered] engaged in activities, such as:
aerobatic flying
aircraft racing
rescue operation
storm surveillance
traffic surveillance
Occupant of private plane NOS
6 Occupant of unpowered aircraft, except parachutist
Occupant of aircraft classifiable to E842
7 Parachutist (military) (other)
Person making voluntary descent
Excludes: person making descent after accident to aircraft (.1-.6)
8 Ground crew, airline employee
Persons employed at airfields (civil) (military) or launching pads, not occupants of aircraft
9 Other person |
| |
| PLACE OF OCCURENCE (E849)
Note: The following category is for use to denote the place where the injury or poisoning occurred. |
| ACCIDENTAL POISONING BY DRUGS, MEDICINAL SUBSTANCES, AND BIOLOGICALS (E850-E858)
Includes: accidental overdose of drug, wrong drug given or taken in error, and drug taken inadvertently
accidents in the use of drugs and biologicals in medical and surgical procedures
Excludes: administration with suicidal or homicidal intent or intent to harm, or in circumstances classifiable to E980-E989 (E950.0-E950.5, E962.0, E980.0-E980.5)
correct drug properly administered in therapeutic or prophylactic dosage, as the cause of adverse effect (E930.0-E949.9)
Note: See Alphabetic Index for more complete list of specific drugs to be classified under the fourth-digit subdivisions. The American Hospital Formulary numbers can be used to classify new drugs listed by the American Hospital Formulary Service (AHFS). See appendix C. |
| ACCIDENTAL POISONING BY OTHER SOLID AND LIQUID SUBSTANCES, GASES, AND VAPORS (E860-E869)
Note: Categories in this section are intended primarily to indicate the external cause of poisoning states classifiable to 980-989. They may also be used to indicate external causes of localized effects classifiable to 001-799. |
| MISADVENTURES TO PATIENTS DURING SURGICAL AND MEDICAL CARE (E870-E876)
Excludes: accidental overdose of drug and wrong drug given in error (E850.0-E858.9)
surgical and medical procedures as the cause of abnormal reaction by the patient, without mention of misadventure at the time of procedure (E878.0-E879.9) |
| SURGICAL AND MEDICAL PROCEDURES AS THE CAUSE OF ABNORMAL REACTION OF PATIENT OR LATER COMPLICATION,WITHOUT MENTION OF MISADVENTURE AT THE TIME OF PROCEDURE (E878-E879)
Includes: procedures as the cause of abnormal reaction, such as:
displacement or malfunction of prosthetic device
hepatorenal failure, postoperative
malfunction of external stoma
postoperative intestinal obstruction
rejection of transplanted organ
Excludes: anesthetic management properly carried out as the cause of adverse effect (E937.0-E938.9)
infusion and transfusion, without mention of misadventure in the technique of procedure (E930.0-E949.9) |
| ACCIDENTAL FALLS (E880-E888)
Excludes: falls (in or from):
burning building (E890.8, E891.8)
into fire (E890.0-E899)
into water (with submersion or drowning) (E910.0-E910.9)
machinery (in operation) (E919.0-E919.9)
on edged, pointed, or sharp object (E920.0-E920.9)
transport vehicle (E800.0-E845.9)
vehicle not elsewhere classifiable (E846-E848) |
| ACCIDENTS CAUSED BY FIRE AND FLAMES (E890-E899)
Includes: asphyxia or poisoning due to conflagration or ignition
burning by fire
secondary fires resulting from explosion
Excludes: arson (E968.0)
fire in or on:
machinery (in operation) (E919.0-E919.9)
transport vehicle other than stationary vehicle (E800.0-E845.9)
vehicle not elsewhere classifiable (E846-E848) |
| |
| |
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| LATE EFFECTS OF ACCIDENTAL INJURY (E929)
Note: This category is to be used to indicate accidental injury as the cause of death or disability from late effects, which are themselves classifiable elsewhere. The "late effects" include conditions reported as such or as sequelae, which may occur at any time after the acute accidental injury. |
| DRUGS, MEDICINAL AND BIOLOGICAL SUBSTANCES CAUSING ADVERSE EFFECTS IN THERAPEUTIC USE (E930-E949)
Includes: correct drug properly administered in therapeutic or prophylactic dosage, as the cause of any adverse effect including allergic or hypersensitivity reactions
Excludes: accidental overdose of drug and wrong drug given or taken in error (E850.0-E858.9)
accidents in the technique of administration of drug or biological substance such as accidental puncture during injection, or contamination of drug (E870.0-E876.9)
administration with suicidal or homicidal intent or intent to harm, or in circumstances classifiable to E980-E989 (E950.0-E950.5, E962.0, E980.0-E980.5)
See Alphabetic Index for more complete list of specific drugs to be classified under the fourth-digit subdivisions. The American Hospital Formulary numbers can be used to classify new drugs listed by the American Hospital Formulary Service (AHFS). See appendix C. |
| SUICIDE AND SELF-INFLICTED INJURY (E950-E959)
Includes: injuries in suicide and attempted suicide
self-inflicted injuries specified as intentional |
| HOMICIDE AND INJURY PURPOSELY INFLICTED BY OTHER PERSONS (E960-E969)
Includes: injuries inflicted by another person with intent to injure or kill, by any means
Excludes: injuries due to:
legal intervention (E970-E978)
operations of war (E990-E999)
terrorism (E979) |
| LEGAL INTERVENTION (E970-E978)
Includes: injuries inflicted by the police or other law-enforcing agents, including military on duty, in the course of arresting or attempting to arrest lawbreakers, suppressing disturbances, maintaining order, and other legal action
legal execution
Excludes: injuries caused by civil insurrections (E990.0-E999) |
| TERRORISM (E979) |
| INJURY UNDETERMINED WHETHER ACCIDENTALLY OR PURPOSELY INFLICTED (E980-E989)
Note: Categories E980-E989 are for use when it is unspecified or it cannot be determined whether the injuries are accidental (unintentional), suicide (attempted), or assault. |
| INJURY RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS OF WAR (E990-E999)
Includes: injuries to military personnel and civilians caused by war and civil insurrections and occurring during the time of war and insurrection
Excludes: accidents during training of military personnel, manufacture of war material and transport, unless attributable to enemy action |