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Similar words: Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital  

Steroid 21-Hydroxylase

Cytochrome P-450 CYP21 | Steroid 21-Monooxygenase | 21-Hydroxylase | Cytochrome P-450 21-Hydroxylase | Cytochrome P-450(c-21) | Progesterone 21-Hydroxylase | Steroid-21-Hydroxylase | 21 Hydroxylase | Cytochrome P 450 21 Hydroxylase

An adrenal microsomal cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the 21-hydroxylation of steroids in the presence of molecular oxygen and NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE. This enzyme, encoded by CYP21 gene, converts progesterones to precursors of adrenal steroid hormones (CORTICOSTERONE; HYDROCORTISONE). Defects in CYP21 cause congenital adrenal hyperplasia (ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA, CONGENITAL).

Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital

Adrenogenital Syndrome | Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia | Hyperplasia, Congenital Adrenal | Adrenal Hyperplasias, Congenital | Adrenogenital Syndromes | Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasias | Hyperplasias, Congenital Adrenal

A group of syndromes caused by inherited defects in cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) and/or ALDOSTERONE biosynthesis. There are several types including simple virilizing forms (adrenogenital syndrome), salt-wasting forms, and virilizing hypertension forms depending on the enzyme of defects. Defects in STEROID 21-HYDROXYLASE are most common. Other defects occur in STEROID 11-BETA-HYDROXYLASE, STEROID 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYLASE, or 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES).

Steroid 11-beta-Hydroxylase

CYP11B1 | Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B1 | Cytochrome P-450(11 beta) | Steroid 11-beta-Monooxygenase | 11 beta-Hydroxylase | CYP 11B1 | Cytochrome P450 11B1 | Steroid 11 Hydroxylase | Steroid 11-Hydroxylase | Steroid-11-Hydroxylase | 11 beta Hydroxylase

A mitochondrial cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the 11-beta-hydroxylation of steroids in the presence of molecular oxygen and NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE. This enzyme, encoded by CYP11B1 gene, is important in the synthesis of CORTICOSTERONE and HYDROCORTISONE. Defects in CYP11B1 cause congenital adrenal hyperplasia (ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA, CONGENITAL).

Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase

17 alpha-Hydroxylase | 17,20-Lyase | CYP17 | Cytochrome P-450(17 alpha) | P450(c17) | Steroid 17 alpha-Monooxygenase | Steroid 17-Hydroxylase | Steroid 17-Monooxygenase | 17 alpha-Hydroxylase Cytochrome P-450 | 17,20-Desmolase | 17,20 Desmolase

A microsomal cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the 17-alpha-hydroxylation of progesterone or pregnenolone and subsequent cleavage of the residual two carbons at C17 in the presence of molecular oxygen and NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE. This enzyme, encoded by CYP17 gene, generates precursors for glucocorticoid, androgen, and estrogen synthesis. Defects in CYP17 gene cause congenital adrenal hyperplasia (ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA, CONGENITAL) and abnormal sexual differentiation.

Endometrial Hyperplasia

Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia | Complex Endometrial Hyperplasia | Simple Endometrial Hyperplasia | Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasias | Complex Endometrial Hyperplasias | Endometrial Hyperplasia, Atypical | Endometrial Hyperplasia, Simple

Benign proliferation of the ENDOMETRIUM in the UTERUS. Endometrial hyperplasia is classified by its cytology and glandular tissue. There are simple, complex (adenomatous without atypia), and atypical hyperplasia representing also the ascending risk of becoming malignant.

Adrenal Gland Hypofunction

Adrenal Gland Hypofunctions | Gland Hypofunction, Adrenal | Gland Hypofunctions, Adrenal | Hypofunction, Adrenal Gland | Hypofunctions, Adrenal Gland

Adrenocortical hypofunction includes all conditions in which adrenal steroid hormone secretion falls below the requirements of the body. Adrenal insufficiency may be divided into two general categories: (1) those associated with primary inability of the adrenal to elaborate sufficient quantities of hormone and (2) those associated with a secondary failure due to a primary failure in the elaboration of adrenocorticotropin. (Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 13th ed, p1970)

Adrenal Medulla

Adrenal Medullas | Medulla, Adrenal | Medullas, Adrenal

The inner part of the adrenal gland; it synthesizes, stores and releases catecholamines.

Pituitary-Adrenal System

Pituitary Adrenal System | Pituitary-Adrenal Systems | System, Pituitary-Adrenal | Systems, Pituitary-Adrenal

The interactions between the anterior pituitary and adrenal glands, in which corticotropin (ACTH) stimulates the adrenal cortex and adrenal cortical hormones suppress the production of corticotropin by the anterior pituitary.

Adrenal Cortex

Adrenal Cortex Effects | Adrenal Cortex Effect | Cortex Effect, Adrenal | Cortex Effects, Adrenal | Cortex, Adrenal | Effect, Adrenal Cortex | Effects, Adrenal Cortex

The outer layer of the adrenal gland. It secretes mineralocorticoids, androgens, and glucocorticoids.

Adrenal Rest Tumor

Adrenal Cortical Rest Tumor | Adrenal Rest Tumors | Rest Tumor, Adrenal | Rest Tumors, Adrenal | Tumor, Adrenal Rest | Tumors, Adrenal Rest

A rare, usually benign, ovarian tumor thought to be derived from embryonic rest cells of the adrenals. This tumor causes various degrees of masculinization.
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